“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是一种常见的英语语法结构,用于修饰名词或代词,提供额外的信息。在这个结构中,介词和关系代词之间存在介宾关系。关系代词在定语从句中可以充当介词的宾语,而介词则放在关系代词之前。
基本构成
关系代词的选择:
指物时,使用“介词+which”
指人时,使用“介词+whom”
介词的选择
介词的选择通常基于语境、习语、惯用法等。常见的介词包括:
时间:at, on, in, during
地点:in, on, at, under, above
原因:because of, due to, thanks to
目的:for, with the purpose of
方式:by, with
句子结构
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的句子结构如下:
介词+which/whom:用于修饰物
介词+whom:用于修饰人
示例
1. The man to whomyou spoke is a teacher.
2. The city in whichshe lives is far away.
3. The little girl is reading a book, in whichthere are many cartoons.
4. Do you know the lady with whomhe played basketball?
5. Derek asked the policeman with whomhe worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
注意事项
当介词放在关系代词前面时,关系代词不能省略。
在非正式文体中,介词有时可以放在句末,此时关系代词可以使用that或who代替which或whom,或者省略。
结论
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句在英语中非常常见,掌握其结构和用法对于提高英语写作和阅读理解能力非常重要。通过多读多练,可以更好地理解和运用这一结构。