"each"和"every"都表示“每个”,但它们在词性、数量、侧重点等方面存在一些区别:
词性
each:可以作不定代词、形容词或副词。例如:
Each of the students has a book.
Each of the computers has a problem.
They are fifty cents each.
every:只能作形容词。例如:
Every student has a book.
Every day is a new beginning.
数量
each:可以指两个或两个以上的人或事物。例如:
Each of his eyes.
Each of the books on the shelf.
every:可以指三个或三个以上的人或事物。例如:
Every one of the students in the class.
Every dog and cat has paws.
侧重点
each:强调的是个别的人或事物,侧重于单独性和个体性。例如:
Each flower has its own unique beauty.
We examined each document carefully.
every:强调的是整体中的每一个,侧重于全体性和整体性。例如:
Every citizen has the right to vote.
Every day is a new beginning.
用法
each:可以单独使用,也可以后接名词或of短语。例如:
Each student.
Each of the students in the class.
Each of these dictionaries.
every:后必须接名词,不能单独使用或后接of短语。例如:
Every student.
Every one of the students in the class.
Every dog and cat.
特殊结构
each:不能用于“every + 基数词 + 复数名词”的结构中。例如:
*Every three days? (正确用法是:every three days)
every:可以用于“every + 基数词 + 复数名词”的结构中,表示“每……”。例如:
Every three days.
总结:
each强调个体,可以指两个或两个以上的人或事物,词性上可以是代词或形容词。
every强调全体,只能指三个或三个以上的人或事物,词性上只能是形容词。
在实际使用中,选择"each"还是"every"取决于你想强调的是个体还是整体。