编程中排序算法怎么写的

时间:2025-01-26 23:45:06 网络游戏

在编程中,可以使用不同的排序算法来实现对数据集的组织。以下是一些常见排序算法的Python实现示例:

冒泡排序

```python

def bubble_sort(arr):

n = len(arr)

for i in range(n):

for j in range(0, n-i-1):

if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:

arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]

return arr

print(bubble_sort([64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90])) 输出: [11, 12, 22, 25, 34, 64, 90]

```

选择排序

```python

def selection_sort(arr):

n = len(arr)

for i in range(n):

min_idx = i

for j in range(i+1, n):

if arr[j] < arr[min_idx]:

min_idx = j

arr[i], arr[min_idx] = arr[min_idx], arr[i]

return arr

print(selection_sort([64, 25, 12, 22])) 输出: [12, 22, 25, 64]

```

插入排序

```python

def insertion_sort(arr):

for i in range(1, len(arr)):

key = arr[i]

j = i - 1

while j >= 0 and key < arr[j]:

arr[j + 1] = arr[j]

j -= 1

arr[j + 1] = key

return arr

print(insertion_sort([9, 6, 7, 3, 1])) 输出: [1, 3, 6, 7, 9]

```

快速排序

```python

def quick_sort(arr):

if len(arr) <= 1:

return arr

pivot = arr[len(arr) // 2]

left = [x for x in arr if x < pivot]

middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot]

right = [x for x in arr if x > pivot]

return quick_sort(left) + middle + quick_sort(right)

print(quick_sort([9, 6, 7, 3, 1])) 输出: [1, 3, 6, 7, 9]

```

希尔排序

```python

def shell_sort(arr):

gap = len(arr) // 2

while gap > 0:

for i in range(gap, len(arr)):

temp = arr[i]

j = i

while j >= gap and arr[j - gap] > temp:

arr[j] = arr[j - gap]

j -= gap

arr[j] = temp

gap //= 2

return arr

print(shell_sort([9, 6, 7, 3, 1])) 输出: [1, 3, 6, 7, 9]

```

这些示例展示了如何使用Python实现几种常见的排序算法。每种算法都有其特定的时间复杂度和空间复杂度,选择合适的算法可以提高排序的效率。