英语长难句分析通常涉及以下步骤和技巧：
识别主干
找出句子的主语、谓语和宾语，这些是句子的核心成分，有助于理解句子的基本含义。
分解句子
将长难句分解为若干个简单句，先识别主干，然后逐一理解从句和修饰语。
理解从句
从句通常提供额外信息，可以将其暂时排除，先理解主干，再逐步添加细节。
关注修饰语
形容词、副词短语或介词短语作为修饰语，可以提供额外的描述，理解它们的含义对于全面理解句子至关重要。
寻找连接词
连接词如that、which、who、whom、whose等，可以帮助理解句子中各个成分之间的关系。
注意倒装句和省略句
倒装句和省略句在长难句中较为常见，需要特别注意其结构特点。
多加练习
通过大量阅读和练习，熟悉长难句的结构和常见形式，提高分析和理解能力。
案例分析
例句1
原句："Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used."
分析：
主干：the toothpaste marketer must select programs, stations and magazines.
非谓语：Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines（现在分词短语作状语，表示时间）。
并列宾语：programs, stations and magazines。
例句2
原句："I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems."
分析：
主干：I shall define him as an individual。
定语从句：who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems（修饰an individual）。
例句3
原句："College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty."
分析：
主干：College officials tend to emphasize...。
宾语从句：that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty。
修饰语：critical to their degree program and graduation（形容词短语修饰courses）。
通过以上步骤和技巧，可以更有效地分析和理解英语长难句。